Hepatoprotective Potential of Allium cepa Bulb Extract in Mitigating Lead Toxicity in Rattus norvegicus
Priya Bajaj and Anjani Rani
2025/02/11
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14851742
ABSTRACT
Rapid industrialization and agricultural expansions had redistributed the metals at regional as well as global levels with consequent environmental pollution producing deleterious effects on diverse living systems. Heavy metals are the most hazardous pollutants as they are non-degradable and undergo bioaccumulation. Lead is one of the major environmental contaminants, occurring in soil, sediments, air, and water. Lead toxicity is a significant public health issue, known to cause severe hepatotoxic effects through oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular apoptosis. This study evaluates the bio-efficacy of Allium cepa (onion) extract in protecting against lead-induced liver damage in albino rats. Rats received lead acetate and onion bulb extract for 1,7, 14 & 21 days and samples were collected for analyses. Key parameters assessed were liver function biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, ACP, LDH), and histopathological changes in liver tissue. Liver injury is manifested by elevated levels of enzymes, as well as histopathological alterations, including massive hepatocyte degeneration and increased collagen deposition. The results revealed that Allium cepa extract significantly reduced liver enzyme levels and notable improvements in liver architecture, including reduced necrosis and inflammation. These findings suggest that Allium cepa extract may serve as a natural therapeutic agent for mitigating lead-induced hepatotoxicity, paving the way for further research into its clinical applications. This study highlights the potent hepatoprotective properties of Allium cepa, attributed to its rich antioxidant and sulphur compounds. Presently, the main objective of the study is to establish herbal dietary supplements as protective agents against heavy metal-induced toxicity that are safe, affordable, and easily available.
AUTHOR AFFILIATIONS
Department of Zoology, Govt. PG College, Noida (GB Nagar) UP, India-201301
CITATION
Bajaj P and Rani A (2025) Hepatoprotective Potential of Allium cepa Bulb Extract in Mitigating Lead Toxicity in Rattus norvegicus. Environmental Science Archives 4(1): 114-121.
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