Innovations in Wastewater Treatment: A Nanotechnology Perspective
Nitish Dhingra and Neeraj Rani
2025/02/16
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14878483
ABSTRACT
The progressive industrialization and urbanization of the modern world have resulted in substantial amounts of wastewater, containing a plethora of toxic contaminants that pose serious threats to public health and the environment. As conventional treatment methods often fall short in terms of efficiency and efficacy, novel approaches like nanomaterial-based wastewater purification have received a lot of interest. Owing to their distinctive characteristics, nanomaterials have emerged as promising options for wastewater purification. This paper examines the recent developments in nanotechnology applied to wastewater treatment, highlighting the use of various novel nanomaterials such as metallic nanoparticles, graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, nanocomposites, nanofiltration membranes, clay nanomaterials, and polymeric nanomaterials, to achieve high adsorption capacities ranging from 80 % to 99.9 %. The mechanisms underlying the purification processes along with the targeted contaminants, removal efficiency and reusability of various nanomaterials are also outlined. Furthermore, the paper also discusses the challenges and future directions of nanomaterial-based wastewater treatment, considering its environmental and practical implications.
AUTHOR AFFILIATIONS
1 Electron Microscopy & Nanoscience Lab, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab (India)
2 School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana – 141004, Punjab (India)
CITATION
Dhingra N and Rani N (2025) Innovations in Wastewater Treatment: A Nanotechnology Perspective. Environmental Science Archives 4(1): 122-138.
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