ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted in 2019 in pots to study the response of okra seedlings (two weeks old) to low cadmium chloride concentration (0.001 and 0.0001 ppm), compared to ascorbic acid (50 and 100 ppm), biomin (3 and 6 ppm) and potassium sulfate (50 ppm) as well as control. Complete randomized design with four replicates was used. Fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots as well as chlorophyll was determined. The results showed that all treatments had no significant differences compared to control, but all treatments except potassium sulfate caused significant increase in root length compared to control treatment. Biomin at 6 ppm caused a significant increase of plant fresh weight whereas at 3 and 6 ppm caused a significant increase of plant dry weight. Biomin and potassium sulfate caused a significant increase of chlorophyll.
AUTHOR AFFILIATIONS
Babylon Education Directorate, Ministry of Education, Iraq
Field Crop Science Department, Agriculture College, Al-Qasim Green University, Iraq
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to AHJ
CITATION
Alryahii IA and Jasim AH (2022) Responses of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) to Low Levels of Cadmium Compared to Ascorbic Acid, Biomin and Potassium Sulfate. Environ Sci Arch 1(2): 60-63.
REFERENCES
1. Al-riyahi I (2011) The role of ascorbic acid and salicylic acid in alleviating oxidative damage caused by cadmium during rooting response in mung bean cuttings. Master thesis, Collage of science, University of Babylon.
2. Arrigoni O and de Tullio MC (2000) The role of ascorbic acid in cell metabolism between gene directed function and unpredictable chemical reactions. J Plant Physiol 157:481-488.
3. Athar H, Khan A and Ashraf M (2008) Exogenously applied ascorbic acid alleviates salt induced oxidative stress in wheat. Environ Exp Bot 63:224-231.
4. Beyersmann D, (2002) Effect of carcinogenic metal on gene expression. Toxicol Lett 127,63-68.
5. Duquesnay I, Champeau DM, Evray G, et al. (2010) Enzymatic adaptation to arsenic - induced oxidative stress in Zea mays and genotoxic effect of arsenic in root tips of Vicia faba and Zea mays .CR Biol 333 , 814-824.
6. Fahimi F, Souri MK, Yaghobi F (2016) Growth and development of greenhouse cucumber under foliar application of biomin and humifolin fertilizers in comparison to their soil application of NPK. J Sci & Technol Green house Culture 7 (25): 143-125.
7. Farooq M, Irfan M, Aziz T, et al. (2013) Seed Priming with Ascorbic Acid Improves Drought Resistance of Wheat. J Agro & Crop Sci 199: 12-22.
8. Hameed A, Qadri TN, Uzzafar M, et al. (2011) Differential activation of the enzymatic antioxidant system of Abelmoschus esculentus L. under CdCl2 and HgCl2 exposure . Braz J Plant Physiol 23(1): 45-55.
9. Hsiao C and Läuchli A (1986) Role of potassium in plant-water relation. In: Advances in plant nutrition 2nd ed. 281- 312. Tinker and A. Läuchli (eds.). Praeger, New York.
10. Kennedy CD and Gonsalves FAN (1987) The action of divalent zinc , cadmium , mercury, copper and lead on the trans-root potential and H+ efflux of excised roots. J Exp Bot 38,800-817.
11. Khudsar T, Iqbal M and Sairam RK (2004) Zinc induced changes in morpho- physiological and biochemical parameters in Artemisia annua. Biol Plantar 48: 255-260.
12. Mohammad KS, Mohammad A and Farzaneh Y (2018) Benefits of organic fertilizer spray on growth quality of chili pepper seedlings under cool temperature. J Appl Hort 20(1):71-74.
13. Sharma RK and SB Agrawal (2010) Responses of Abelmouschus esculentus L. to elevated levels of Zn and Cd. J Trop Ecol 51: 389-396.
14. Tuna AL, Kaya C and Ashraf M (2010) Potassium sulfate improves water deficit tolerance in melon plants grown under glasshouse conditions. J Plant Nutrition 33: 1276-1286.
15. Yang XE, Long XX, Ye HB, et al. (2004) Cadmium tolerance and hyper-accumulation in a new Zn- hyper-accumulating plant species (Sedum alfredii Hance). Plant Soil 259: 181-189.
License: Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Visit for more details http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.